Reading may seem easy and automatic for people who master it without difficulty. However, reading is a complex and challenging task for our brains, so we shouldn’t be surprised that so many kids struggle with it. In fact, about 15% to 20% of the U.S. population has a specific reading …
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What Is ADHD?
Lisa’s son Jack had always been a handful. Even as a preschooler, he would tear through the house like a tornado, shouting, roughhousing, and climbing the furniture. No toy or activity ever held his interest for more than a few minutes and he would often dart off without warning, seemingly …
Blood in the Urine (Hematuria)
When blood gets into urine (pee), it’s known as hematuria (hee-ma-TUR-ee-uh). Hematuria is pretty common, and most of the time it’s not serious. Peeing is one way the body gets rid of waste products. The process starts in the kidneys, which remove excess fluids and waste from the blood and turn them …
Glomerulonephritis
The kidneys are fist-sized organs in the back that are shaped like kidney beans. They filter blood and help remove waste products from the body. Tiny filtering units within the kidneys do this with the help of blood vessels called glomeruli. If the glomeruli get inflamed (swollen and irritated), it’s called …
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)
At first, Tyler developed red patches and raised spots that turned purple and looked like bruises all over his legs and buttocks. Then he complained that his stomach and knees hurt. When his parents took him to the doctor to find out what was wrong, the doctor said that Tyler …
Kidney Diseases in Childhood
The kidneys play a critical role in the body: Acting as the body’s filtering system, they help control water levels and eliminate wastes through urine (pee). They also help regulate blood pressure, red blood cell production, and the levels of calcium and minerals. But sometimes the kidneys don’t develop properly …
Kidney Stones
Kidney stones are small, solid masses that can develop in the urinary tract. Also called calculi or nephrolithiasis, kidney stones are made when salts and minerals in urine (pee) become extra concentrated and then become crystals. Over a few weeks or months, the crystals can build up and become stones. …
Nephrotic Syndrome
Kids with too much protein in their urine (pee), sudden weight gain, and swelling in various body parts could have something called nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome happens when tiny structures in the kidneys called glomeruli (gluh-MARE-you-lie) stop working properly and let too much protein enter the kidneys. In kids, this …
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections and Related Conditions
About UTIs Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in kids, especially girls and uncircumcised boys. In fact, by age 5, about 8% of girls and 1%–2% of boys have had at least one UTI. UTIs happen when the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra become infected. Symptoms of a UTI can …
Renal Tubular Acidosis
Each time our internal organs do something, such as digesting food or healing damaged tissue, chemical reactions take place in the body’s cells. These reactions cause acid to go into the bloodstream. Normally, the kidneys remove excess acid from blood, but certain diseases, genetic defects, or drugs can damage a …